The Burren in Western Ireland

Rolling hills of The Burren

 Not far from the Cliffs of Moher in the west of Ireland lies The Burren, or "Boíreann" meaning a rocky place.  And it is that indeed...close to 125 square miles of limestone rock covering imposing majestic mountains and tranquil valleys with gently meandering streams.  Geologists marvel at underground rivers, caves, depressions, plateaus, and other fascinating geological formations.

Formed millions of years ago under a tropical sea and later carved by glaciers, the flowing ice rounded the hills and left deposits of huge boulders and criss-crossing cracks known as "grikes."  This erosion process left a barren landscape, however it has been referred to in the past as "fertile rock" due to the mixture of nutrient rich herb and floral species.   

In 1651, a Cromwellian Army Officer named Edmund Ludlow remarked, "of this barony it is said that it is a country where there is not water enough to drown a man, wood enough to hang one, nor earth enough to bury them. This last is so scarce that the inhabitants steal it from one another and yet their cattle are very fat. The grass grows in tufts of earth of two or three foot square which lies between the limestone rocks and is very sweet and nourishing."

The Burren region is internationally famous for its landscape and diverse flora.  Summer visits treat the visitor to a colorful array of plants and flowers.  Over 600 different flowering plants have been recorded in the Burren.  Arctic, alpine, and Mediterranean plants thrive side-by-side.

Megalithic tomb - Poulnabrone

The area is also known for more than 90 megalithic tombs, monuments, and ring forts, older than the Egyptian pyramids.  One of the more famous megalithic tombs, the portal dolmen at Poulnabrone, dates back to around 2,500 BC.  'Dolmen' is Breton for 'table', which is what a dolmen looks like - a large capstone on two or three standing stones.

The ring forts also testify to human presence on the Burren, among them the triple ring fort Cahercommaun on the edge of an inland cliff, and the exceptionally well-preserved Caherconnell Stone Fort.

A stop at the Burren Vistor Centre in the picturesque village of Kilfenora, Ireland’s first interpretive centre, presents a 12-minute film that introduces the visitor to this unique and fascinating region.  The exhibition area enables the visitor to experience the development of the Burren and its civilization from formation 320 million years ago to how the Burren is today.

The centre also hosts a celebration of traditional Irish music dedicated to the history and music of  The Kilfenora Céilí Band.

Enjoy this overview video of The Burren (6:39).